More Americans Identify as Working Class

Recent polling shows a growing share of Americans labeling themselves as working class, a shift that reflects broader economic sentiment across income brackets.

Self‑Identification Gains Momentum

The latest Pew Research survey, conducted in January 2026, found that 60% of respondents describe themselves with the term, up from 54% in 2024. The increase appears across the earnings spectrum. Households earning between $51,900 and $155,600—the range commonly used to define middle income—are particularly likely to adopt the label. Even among families making over $155,600, about half claim the same identity.

Analysts note that the term lacks a single definition. Some equate it with lower pay, others with the absence of a bachelor’s degree, and still others with occupations in construction, agriculture or other traditionally blue‑collar fields. This ambiguity may explain why the label resonates beyond its historical confines.

Steven Shepard, associate director of political research at Pew and a co‑author of the report, observed that political affiliation influences self‑identification. He said Republicans are generally more inclined to use the term than Democrats, especially among higher‑income voters.

Economic Indicators and Perception

Despite median weekly earnings rising 8.4% from the first quarter of 2024 to the first quarter of 2026, many Americans still feel financially insecure. Inflation averaged 5.5% over the same period, eroding purchasing power for a sizable portion of the population.

Middle‑income consumers have begun to mirror the spending habits of lower‑income groups, according to a 2024 Morning Consult study. This convergence suggests that rising costs are reshaping consumption patterns across the board.

Financial stress correlates strongly with the self‑identification trend. Even respondents who reported a basic level of comfort—such as having bills paid and a few months of emergency savings—still chose the label at a notable rate.

The shrinking size of the traditional middle class adds context. Its share of the population fell from 61% in 1971 to 51% in 2023, a decline that may push more people toward the broader category.

Looking ahead, the expanding self‑identification could influence political messaging. Progressive leaders, including New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani, have framed affordability initiatives as targeting “the one majority in this country.” Mamdani told The New York Times that anyone who works to pay bills belongs to the group.

It’s plausible that continued wage‑price gaps will keep the label appealing, especially if inflation remains above earnings growth. As long as a sizable share of earners feels that their standard of living is stagnant, the term may retain its pull, shaping both market behavior and policy debates.

Overall, the data suggest a redefinition of class perception tied to economic realities rather than strict income thresholds. While the label’s meaning may evolve, its growing use signals a shift in how Americans view their place in the economy.